The SQL UPDATE command updates the data in tables. Its format is quite simple.
UPDATE table_name SET column_name1 = value1, column_name2 = value2, column_name3 = value3 ... [WHERE conditions];
Obviously, like other SQL commands, you can type in in one line or multiple lines.
Let’s look at some examples.
Bignet has been doing good business, the CEO increases his salary by $20000 and perks by $5000. His previous salary was $200000 and perks were $50000.
UPDATE employee_data SET salary=220000, perks=55000 WHERE title='CEO'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
You can test this out by listing the data in the table.
select salary, perks from employee_data WHERE title = 'CEO'; +--------+-------+ | salary | perks | +--------+-------+ | 220000 | 55000 | +--------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Actually, you don’t need to know the previous salary explicitly. You can be cheeky and use arithmetic operators. Thus, the following statement would have done the same job without us knowing the original data beforehand.
UPDATE employee_data SET salary = salary + 20000, perks = perks + 5000 WHERE title='CEO'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
Another progressive (???) step Bignet takes is changing the titles of Web Designer to Web Developer.
mysql> update employee_data SET
-> title = 'Web Developer'
-> WHERE title = 'Web Designer';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
It’s important that you take a long hard look at the condition part in the statement before executing update, else you might update the wrong data. Also, an UPDATE statement without conditions will update all the data in the column in all rows!
Be very careful.
