Possible Answers

1. mysql> select e_id, birth_date
       -> from employee_per
       -> where birth_date >= '1970-01-01'
       -> and birth_date <= '1973-01-01';
   +------+------------+
   | e_id | birth_date |
   +------+------------+
   |    1 | 1972-03-16 |
   |    4 | 1972-08-09 |
   |   17 | 1970-04-18 |
   +------+------------+
   3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
   
   

2. We use 1973 in the condition and NOT 1972.

   mysql> select e_id, birth_date
       -> from employee_per
       -> where birth_date >= '1970-01-01'
       -> and birth_date <= '1973-01-01';
   +------+------------+
   | e_id | birth_date |
   +------+------------+
   |    1 | 1972-03-16 |
   |    4 | 1972-08-09 |
   |   17 | 1970-04-18 |
   +------+------------+
   3 rows in set (0.01 sec)